notesonly.in

One notebook for every subject — open it anywhere.

Log in

Lattice energy: Born–Haber cycle

Advanced Chemical Bonding · Chemistry

Molecule viewer

Interactive 3D

Ball-and-stick models with true bond angles — switch molecule to compare shapes.

Controls

Drag the sliders or type a value — the simulation updates live.

Study notes

Let's calculate the Lattice Energy for NaCl (Sodium Chloride). Step 1: Sublimation of Na (Solid to Gas) = +108 kJ/mol. Step 2: Ionization of Na (Removing electron) = +496 kJ/mol. Step 3: Dissociation of Cl2 (Breaking the bond, half of the energy) = +121 kJ/mol. Step 4: Electron Affinity of Cl (Adding electron) = -349 kJ/mol. Step 5: Formation of NaCl from elements = -411 kJ/mol. According to the cycle: Energy of Formation = (Sum of all steps) + Lattice Energy. So, -411 = (108 + 496 + 121 - 349) + Lattice Energy. This simplifies to -411 = 376 + Lattice Energy. Thus, Lattice Energy = -411 - 376 = -787 kJ/mol. The negative sign means energy is released when the crystal forms.

← Back to topics for Chemistry