A car's carbon footprint: manufacturing 6 tCO2e, fuel 120 g/km over 200,000 km = 24 tCO2e, total 30 tCO2e. An electric car on clean grid: manufacturing 8 tCO2e (battery), electricity 20 g/km = 4 tCO2e, total 12 tCO2e, less than half. This lifecycle thinking guides sustainable choices.