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Breast pathology: benign and malignant lesions

Pathology · MBBS

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A 25-year-old feels a smooth, mobile, rubbery breast lump. This is a fibroadenoma — the classic benign lump of young women: well-circumscribed, mobile ('breast mouse'), hormonally responsive. Triple assessment (examination + ultrasound + core biopsy) confirms; small ones are watched, large or growing ones excised. The contrast with cancer (hard, irregular, fixed, skin/nipple changes) is the clinical lesson — but no lump is dismissed on feel alone; imaging + biopsy decide.

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