Elderly fall — hip pain, shortened leg; neck femur fracture; hemiarthroplasty. Lower limb: hip (neck — intracapsular — elderly — AVN risk — hemiarthroplasty/THR; trochanteric — extracapsular — DHS/PFN; delirium, DVT — operate <48h), femoral shaft (high-energy — young — intramedullary nail — reamed), tibial shaft (open — commonest open — external fixator → nail; compartment — watch), ankle (Weber A — below; B — at; C — above syndesmosis — syndesmotic screw; bimalleolar — ORIF), patella (transverse — tension band), calcaneum (fall from height — Bohler's angle). The shortened externally rotated leg is hip fracture — operate within 48 hours.