Thyroid and parathyroid surgery: goiter, thyroid cancer
General Surgery · MBBS
Study notes
A neck swelling moving up on swallowing — thyroid; FNAC shows papillary cancer; surgery + radioiodine. Thyroid cancer (papillary — commonest, young women — lymphatic spread, excellent prognosis: FNAC — Bethesda: treat — lobectomy/total thyroidectomy + radioiodine ablation + lifelong thyroxine suppression): follicular (hematogenous), medullary (calcitonin — MEN2 — RET), anaplastic (elderly — aggressive). Goiter (enlargement — iodine deficiency commonest — euthyroid; toxic — Graves — antithyroid/carbimazole, radioiodine, surgery; retrosternal — CT). Parathyroid — hyperparathyroidism (high calcium — stones, bones, groans, psychiatric: parathyroidectomy); hypoparathyroidism (post-thyroidectomy — low calcium — Chvostek/Trousseau — calcium + calcitriol). The swallowing-moving lump is thyroid — FNAC decides.
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