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Toxicology: neurotoxic poisons — opium, barbiturates, alcohol

Forensic Medicine and Toxicology · MBBS

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A methanol-hooch drinker goes blind overnight — formic acid destroys optic nerves. Methanol (illicit liquor) metabolizes to formic acid — metabolic acidosis + blindness (optic nerve); ethanol/fomepizole blocks alcohol dehydrogenase (competitive — the good alcohol jams the enzyme), hemodialysis removes methanol/formate, bicarbonate corrects acidosis. Treat on suspicion — levels take hours. The blindness is the signature — hooch tragedies repeat where regulation fails.

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