Worked example: Decode these resistors: (a) brown-black-orange-gold, (b) red-violet-brown-gold, (c) orange-orange-silver-gold. Step 1 (a): digits 1, 0 → 10; multiplier orange = ×10³; value = 10,000 Ω = 10 kΩ ±5% (gold). Step 2 (b): digits 2, 7 → 27; multiplier brown = ×10; value = 270 Ω ±5%. Step 3 (c): digits 3, 3 → 33; multiplier silver = ×0.01; value = 0.33 Ω ±5% — a current-sense resistor. Step 4 (tolerance in ohms): for (a), ±5% of 10 kΩ = ±500 Ω, so the actual resistance lies between 9.5 kΩ and 10.5 kΩ. Reading tip: if you are unsure of direction, look for the gold/silver band — it is the tolerance and goes last.