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Measurement of surface tension by capillary rise

Surface tension · Physics

Bernoulli pipe

Interactive 3D

Narrow the pipe and the flow speeds up while pressure drops — Bernoulli in action.

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Study notes

In a capillary-rise experiment, water rises 6.0 cm in a tube of radius 0.24 mm. Calculate the surface tension of water. (ρ = 1000 kg/m³, g = 9.8 m/s², θ ≈ 0°) Step 1: T = ρghr/(2cosθ) = 1000 × 9.8 × 0.060 × 0.24×10⁻³ / 2. Step 2: Numerator: 1000 × 9.8 × 0.060 = 588; 588 × 0.24×10⁻³ = 0.14112. Step 3: T = 0.14112 / 2 = 0.0706 N/m. Answer: T ≈ 0.071 N/m, agreeing with the standard 0.072 N/m within experimental error. A 2% low reading might mean the tube was slightly dirty or the room slightly warm.

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