Histology: urinary system, male and female reproductive systems
Human Anatomy · MBBS
Study notes
A diabetic patient's urine test shows protein (albumin) leaking. The glomerulus filters blood through a three-layer barrier (endothelium, basement membrane, podocytes) that normally blocks proteins. Diabetes damages this filter over years — albumin slips through first (microalbuminuria), the earliest warning of diabetic kidney disease. Detecting it early allows treatment that slows progression to kidney failure.