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Speed of sound by resonance column/tube

Heat and sound experiments · Physics

Study notes

Step 1: Take a long metal tube that is open at the top and closed at the bottom.\nStep 2: Blow gently at the top of the tube and listen for the loudest sound. This is the first resonance.\nStep 3: Measure the length of the tube at this point, say L = 0.25 meters.\nStep 4: Use a tuning fork or a speaker that produces a known frequency, for example f = 340 Hz.\nStep 5: Apply the formula v = 4L f / n, where n = 1 for the first resonance. Plugging in the numbers: v = 4 × 0.25 × 340 / 1 = 340 meters per second.\nStep 6: Repeat for the second resonance (n = 3) if desired and check that you get a similar speed of sound. This confirms the calculation and shows how the speed of sound is independent of the tube length.

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