Solubility product (Ksp) and common ion effect
Ionic Equilibrium · Chemistry
Study notes
K_sp(AgCl) = 1.8×10⁻¹⁰. Find solubility in water and in 0.1 M NaCl. Step 1: In water: s = √(1.8×10⁻¹⁰) = 1.34×10⁻⁵ M. Step 2: In 0.1 M NaCl: [Cl⁻] ≈ 0.1 (common ion). Step 3: K_sp = s(0.1) → s = 1.8×10⁻¹⁰/0.1 = 1.8×10⁻⁹ M. Step 4: Solubility crashed ~10,000× — the common ion effect. This is why AgCl precipitates instantly in chloride-rich solutions.