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A burn wound — split-thickness graft from the thigh covers it; it takes in days. Skin grafts (split-thickness — epidermis + partial dermis — burns — donor heals; full-thickness — face — better cosmesis: needs vascular bed — granulation; take — imbibe → revascularize; meshing — expands cover): flaps (tissue with own blood supply — local — rotation/advancement; regional — pedicled; free — microvascular anastomosis — large defects). Cleft lip/palate (lip — 3–6 months — Millard repair; palate — 9–18 months — before speech; multidisciplinary — orthodontics, speech therapy). Burns (early excision + grafting; contractures — Z-plasty later). Reconstruction ladder — primary closure → graft → local flap → regional → free. The graft is a transplant — the bed must bleed.