Column chromatography
Chromatography and Separation Techniques · Chemistry
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Study notes
Separate ortho and para nitrophenol by column. Which elutes first? Step 1: Para isomer: intermolecular H-bonding → more polar → sticks to silica. Step 2: Ortho: intramolecular H-bonding → less polar → elutes first. Step 3: Non-polar solvent first, then increase polarity. Step 4: Polarity gap separates — adsorption chromatography's logic!