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For Zn + Cu²⁺ → Zn²⁺ + Cu, E°cell = 1.10 V. Find ΔG° and K. Step 1: n = 2 (Zn → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻). Step 2: ΔG° = −nFE° = −2 × 96485 × 1.10 = −212,267 J ≈ −212 kJ. Step 3: log K = nE°/0.0591 = 2 × 1.10/0.0591 = 37.2. Step 4: K ≈ 10³⁷ — enormously product-favoured. Voltage, free energy, and equilibrium in one chain.